Position Papers

As a part of their preparation for the final simulation of Model NATO Serbia, the participants produced position papers in which they presented  the official positions of their respective countries on the current situation in Libya, as well as recommendations on future steps to be taken.

To go directly to a particular country’s position paper,  simply click on the relevant link below:

Albania

Republic of Albania, as a member of NATO since 2009, defines its foreign policy mainly as a policy of renewal the country’s inside and outside image. As such, it has started numerous of reforms in attempt to build a new, stable society in its country, as well as to contribute in building more peaceful society in the world as whole. Republic of Albania is more than honored to be part of the NATO and other global institutions and organizations that are creating more stable and more democratic world, which would respect human rights, fundamental freedoms and the rule of law. Being a member of these institutions means to be an active partner and to have an active role in global political and security questions. Being a member also means that it is unacceptable to stay out of the security challenges and political changes that are taking place in some of the countries and affect human lives somewhere in the world.

Republic of Albania, mainly as a country that has gone through a lot of reforms not so many years ago, cannot stay indifferent to any attempt for change, and it will always support the demand for freedom and respect of human rights of each person in each country. Albania’s government is carefully paying attention to the situation in the world and is always considering possible ways to deliver help to those who need it.

Considering and summing all that has been going on in Libya and other countries of North Africa in past years and especially during past four months, Republic of Albania is sharing the same opinion as the United Nations and its Security Council do so. We think that protests that have been going on in those countries can be considered as a wave of democratization that has been delayed for so long. That process of democratization needs support in this moment, as every change is not so easy to be taken by the old regime.

Republic of Albania considers that regime of Muammar el Gaddafi violates basic human rights and is against all principles of the United Nations. As a leader of the state, he answered on the demands of the people in his country in unacceptable way and lost the legitimacy, which is the base of the leader as such. Therefore, Republic of Albania agrees with the Resolutions 1970 and 1973 and as a member of NATO, supports its mission in Libya, as long as it is not a threat for civilians that are supposed to be protected by the mission. We are looking forward to finalization of the military intervention and hope for soon start of the international political dialogue with Libya, as we see it as an equal partner that will become democratic country.

While this doesn’t happen, Republic of Albania offers its ports, airports, sea and air space for the needs of military operation of the international coalition in purpose of implementation of the Resolution 1973. Our armed forces are not currently engaged in the operation, but it is important to emphasize that we are ready to offer everything that we can and that we will support the mission diplomatically in meanwhile.

As such, we strongly deny that we had any illegal agreements for arms sales with Libya and Muammar el Gaddafi. We accept the fact that such conclusion can be derived by considering the latest events in our sea area, but once again we want to claim that it has nothing to do with the official state policy and legal agreements. As a partner country that supports the Resolution 1973 and respects the rule of law, we will make all necessary investigations required by law and make all necessary reports transparently to the United Nations. To do so, we are ready to cooperate with the international institutions to finish this issue as fast as it is possible.

Republic of Albania will do everything to solve this problem and to help Libyan people in the process of making democratic country that will respect basic human rights and be part of the global political scene.

Belgium

Kingdom of Belgium has always been considered one of the most peacefull countryes, and we always carefully considered all the options presented to us. Belgium hold high values of human rights and we have our foreign policy based on the democratic principals.

This is why, we have carefully considered use of our military forces in the operations in Libya. It is of great importance to us that this mission has UN mandate reflected in the resolution 1973. We think that it is in the best interest of the Lybian people that thay are allowed to establish a democraticaly ruled country that will promote human rights, tollerance, and general well-being of all citizens. We are strongly against mesures taken by Gaddafi’s regime that might constitute crimes against humanity as well as other atrocities. Aldough we have supported no-fly zone and have our troops present in the Libyan airspace. Belgium still thinks that this should be resolved with diplomatical means, but humanitarian crisis should be prevented and civilian casualties are intolerable. That is why we have also supported and used our airforce in air-lif helping around 1600 refugees. As a diplomatic meen we have also suported sanctions and as soon as these measures were decided, Foreign Affairs took all the necessary steps to guarantee their immediate and effective implementation by – both the federal and regional – competent Belgian authorities. We already declared that even dough we decided to use our military forces in Libya, we hope, and we will try our best to bring this crisis to an end by diplomatical means, that’s why we are against arming civilians in Libya. The UN resolution 1973 also do not give mandate to do such thing it speaks about protecting civilians, not arming them. Kingdom of Belgium supports the people of Libya, and thinks that they should decide who is competent to be head of state and who deserves people’s trust, but we also believe that western presence should be maintaind even after the intervention so to see that this intervetion was not in vain.

To briefly conclude, Kingdom of Belgium will continue to use military effectives in Libya untill peace and security is ensured, untill civillian’s are safe, and untill the human rights are strictly obayed. Belgium will not support arming of civilians, we will only ensure their protection. Belgium will make an effort to bringig this crisis to an end with diplomatic meens, and will support democraticall elections in Libya, also we are in favour of maintaining western preasence in the region so as to ensure pace, stabillity and prosperity.

Bulgaria

As a member of NATO and EU, Bulgaria ceaselessly promotes democratic values and respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms. In every occasion we try to do our best to promote security issues, protect the civilians and prevent further conflicts in cooperation with other contries within NATO and some international organizations. Even though, the security of NATO members is not threatened in any way, we feel the obligation to be effectively involved in resolving the problems in Libya.

Therefore, Bulgaria completely supports every solution based on international law and UN Security Council Resolution 1973/2011. Our country completely agrees with the effort to impose no-fly zone over Libya and most strongly condemns the actions of the regime against civilians. Bulgaria finds that the attitude of the Colonel Gaddafi and his close collaborators are not acceptable and that they should withdraw in order to build new and more democratic Libya. Even though, Bulgaria greets the diplomatic attempts by the African League, we understand why they are not acceptable for the other side. Bulgaria finds that the demands of the rebels, concerning the process of democratization, stopping the attacks and Gaddafi’s resignation, are rather reasonable. We need to stress that Bulgaria is against arming the rebels. In our opinion, it could only make the whole situation worse and even lengthen the conflict. Bulgaria also greets the proposal given by Turkey and their attempt to make democratic steps for resolving the conflict. Bulgaria decided to participate in these operations by sending some medical teams and navy frigate to patrol of Libya’s coast in order to enforce embargo. Bulgaria also approves completely sanctions by the European Union for 46 companies from Libya. Bulgaria doesn’t support the proposal to involve the ground forces in resolving the problem.

For Bulgaria the most important are the lives of civilians and their protection.We express our concern about the growing amount of refugees from Libya. Therefore, we find that a combination of diplomatic, ecomonic sanctions, arms embargo and the continuation of the imposition a no-fly zone could be he best solution for Libya. Bulgaria hopes that the solution of the situation will be found soon in order to protect the people and start building the Libya of tomorrow.

Canada

Following United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 which has been unanimously passed demanding Libyan authorities to immediately cease the hostilities towards its own people and take the necessary measures to fulfil the demands of its citizens, introducing arms embargo, travel ban, asset freeze and the establishment of the new sanctions, the world leaders have gathered in Paris to discuss on its implementation and further acts.

Canadian prime minister has stated in his address that Canada is contributing to protecting the Libyan people which is being carried out by the international forces and to taking the urgent action in implementation of this Resolution. We highly condemn the excessive use of power by the Libyan regime and call upon taking the urgent measures to intensify the pressure on the Libyan forces to respect the human rights and to prevent further clashes. This support to allies in enforcing this Resolution is being accomplished on several grounds.

First of all, our government has authorised the use of its HMCS Charlottetown with a crew of 240 officers, two strategic CC-177 Globemaster and two tactical CC-130J Hercules airlifters which are operating from Malta as well as 80 members of Canadian Forces, all deployed to Malta to help the allied forces.

What is more, Canada has introduced additional measures by imposing the asset freeze and a ban from all sorts of transactions with The Government of Libya, all its institutions and agencies and Libyan Central Bank, all authorised by Special Economic Measures Act as proclaimed in The Resolution. Other sanctions authorised by UNSC are being imposed as well, namely: an arms embargo with Libya, inspection of all cargo going into country and a travel ban on Muammar Qadhafi and his close associates.

Then, we have suspended all our diplomatic staff in Libya, including the ambassador, who have all been transferred back to Canada. Our diplomatic activity in Libya has been withheld indefinitely. Furthermore, Canada has strongly advised against travelling to Libya.

Finally, we have engaged in civilian evacuation process of both Canadians and citizens of other nations and are continuing the process enforced by Emergency Operation Centre.

We are to condemn the murder of the people by their own regime, all the bloodshed and exercise of force on them, to point out that grave violation of human rights must not be tolerated by any circumstances and we are contributing to making sure all the humanitarian needs are met and that the ongoing attacks and violations performed by Libyan forces must be stopped.

Croatia

We observe this matter as of highest importance and are urging for the matter to be resolved as soon as it is humanly possible. We share the concern of the allies for the numerous civilian casualties produced by the crisis in Libya. We (Croatia) believe that the escalation of this crisis may result to a threat to international peace and security.

Croatia calls for the respect of international humanitarian law and demands for a full military ceasefire and the end to all other forms of violence, especially those which effect the civilians. As a country which actively supports the international effort of preventing civilian casualties in Libya, Croatia salutes the Resolution 1973 of the Security Council of the United Nations which includes a number of methods including the implementation of the no-fly zone over Libya.

As for the matters of the alliance Croatia offers it’s full support as we agree that NATO should relay the message that “Gadhaffi’s regime must go”.

We offer both our political and military aid to the cause. At this time we do not have any means to help you militarily as we do not posses the capacity for the terrain but we have the will to assist the allies in any phase of the campaign where we are able and needed.

Czech Republic

The Czech Republic supports the decision of the North Atlantic Council on the extension of the Alliance’s engagement in the activities of the international community to enforce the UN Security Council Resolutions 1970 and 1973 (2011) concerning the situation in Libya. We recall our serious concern over the situation prevailing in Libya since we are troubled by the reports of killings of civilians, unlawful arrests, torture, forced disappearances and rape. In that respect we will support all Security Council and NATO’s decisions in order to put an end to the violence in Libya.

We are of the opinion that Gaddafi and his regime have completely lost legitimacy thus the Libyan people must create new leadership and be free to determine their own future. Furthermore, we urge the Government of Libya to start a political dialogue, which will lead to necessary reforms, the application of the rule of law and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms such as the freedom of speech and assembly. Bearing in mind that the political situation nowadays in Libya is complex and security environment is fragile and mutable, the Czech Republic stands ready to share its experience with the transition to a democratic system of government. It is of great importance to emphasize that the Czech Republic respects the sovereignty, independence, national unity and territorial integrity of Libya.

We would like to draw attention to the words of our Foreign Minister Karel Schwarzenberg who said that “a bayonet is usually not the best instrument to plant the tree of democracy”. Hence the Czech Republic would support a military Operation Unified Protector (OUP) only in really extreme case. However, we remain determined to support OUP through logistical, financial or humanitarian contributions and pledges in support of the people of Libya.

The seriousness of the humanitarian situation in Libya was also emphasized by the UN Secretary General who mentioned that approximately 3.6 million people in Libya need humanitarian assistance. Therefore, the Czech Republic is ready to provide urgently needed humanitarian aid, including evacuation of the wounded.

Moreover, the Czech Republic is ready to engage in enforcing the no-fly zone according to the UNSC Resolution 1973 (2011) in order to prevent Gaddafi from attacking civilians from the air.

Having in mind the above stated, we remain committed to the full implementation of UNSC Resolutions 1970 and 1973 (2011). In order to enhance success of OUP, we reaffirm our commitment to protect the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and national unity of Libya. Finally, we reiterate our strong support for the development of a transparent political solution as the only way to bring an end to the crisis and build lasting peace in Libya and a better future for the Libyan people.

Denmark

We, the Kingdom of Denmark, support the decision of NATO Allies to take on the whole military operation in Libya under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973. Due to civil rights laws, we believe our duty is to protect civilians in Lybia, and areas under threat of NATO operation. NATO will implement all military aspects of the UN Resolution.

With international concern over the Libyan crisis growing, NATO stepped up its surveillance operations in the Central Mediterranean, deploying AWACS aircraft to provide round-the-clock observation. These “eyes in the sky” give NATO detailed information of movements in Libyan airspace. On 10 March, NATO Defence Ministers supported SACEUR’s decision to have alliance ships move to the same area to boost the monitoring effort and Denmark is supporting this efforts. On 17 March, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1973, authorising member states and regional organisations to, inter alia, take “all necessary measures” to protect civilians in Libya. On 22 March, NATO responded to the UN call by launching an operation to enforce the arms embargo against Libya. On 23 March, NATO’s arms embargo operation started.

All NATO Allies are committed to fulfill their obligations under the UN resolution. Since the resolution was passed on March 17, Allies have moved swiftly and decisively to enforce the arms embargo and no-fly zone called for in the resolution, and to take further measures to protect civilians and civilian populated areas from attack.

Denmark is supporting NATO because is impartial in this operation. The UN Security Council Resolution applies to all sides. Our government with NATO is taking action as part of the broad international effort and looks forward to working with its partners in the region. We want to insure that handover of operations to NATO from the coalition will be carefully coordinated and to by sure that de-confliction is assured and that full military coverage is maintained throughout.

The Kingdom of Denmark will support NATO in all its efforts, and we strongly believe in the mission of NATO in providing peace and human rights for the civilians and all other people Central Mediterranean region.

Estonia

Republic of Estonia as member of NATO and European Union considers itself as an active partner in international community whose foreign policy’s goal is to participate in building and preserving world peace. Estonia contributes in resolving all international crisis and disputes fully dedicated to values of democracy and human rights and it is also aware of general principles of the UN Charter.

Estonian government has followed situation in Egypt, Tunisia, Bahrain and other countries which resulted in huge political changes in North Africa and Middle East. Nowadays we witness a wave of democratization throughout the Arab world and our government looks at this phenomenon with great kindness and understanding. Estonian position is that in all countries in which last unrests caused by demands of citizens for a change of government, as soon as possible should be opened a democratic process that will result in arrival to power of the legitimate representative of the people.

Situation in Libya has sparked great concern in our government. Libyan authorities systematically violated human rights of its citizens with indiscriminate killing, illegal detention, torture and intimidation. Libyan leader Muammar el Gaddafi and members of his regime violently responded to demands of people for political changes. This is the cause why they can no longer be regarded as credible partners in the international community. Estonia supports solutions contained in UN Security Council Resolution 1970 concerning the freezing of assets, travel ban and arms embargo on Libya. Our government fully supports the UN Security Council Resolution 1973 which introduced no-fly zone and obligations to protect civilians. We consider Resolution 1973 necessary and useful because it provided a mandate of our Allies to launch military action in Libya with the aim to protect civilian population. Estonia is pleased that NATO took command of the operation in Libya, and expresses its conviction that will be effectively and successfully executed. This action shows that NATO is ready to respond to new security challenges and remain dedicated to promoting the protection of human rights and democracy.

The Government of Estonia welcomes the inclusion of the Arab League and the African Union in solving crisis in Libya and considers these two organizations as key partner in future peace building and stabilization process. Estonia supports the talks and consultations with leaders of the African Union and Arab League and is particularly encouraged by the recent meeting of the NATO Secretary General, Mr. Rasmussen and Chairperson of the African Union Commission Mr. Jean Ping on the 5th of April this year.

Estonia is pleased with current success of the Allies in missions conducting no-fly zone and protection of civilian population. These military successes, also, obliged us to face the fact that on the field in Libya lasts civil war between two sides. Estonia’s position is that it is necessary to immediately launch a comprehensive political and diplomatic action that would result in the cessation of civil war and creating conditions for the people of Libya on democratic and legitimate elections to choose new government. Estonia is ready to make a contribution through NATO and the EU in building democratic institutions, legislative reforms and national reconciliation in Libya. Our armed forces do not engage in operation Unified Protector and that means Estonia will help to our Allies and contribute to their military efforts with diplomatic and political activities. Our government is determined to provide humanitarian aid to civilian population and also to focus its diplomacy on the cessation of conflict and the beginning of political dialogue. Estonia expects opening of reconciliation process in Libya followed by building of democratic institutions and economic recovery. We are aware of necessity of stability and security in Middle East and North Africa. Our intent is to present to our Allies the idea of free and democratic Libya in partnership with NATO through current mechanisms of Mediterranean Dialogue and Istanbul Cooperation Initiative. We hope that providing support from our Allies for this kind of idea wouldn’t be hard concerning NATO’s strategic orientation for cooperation on global security and establishing new partnerships.

Estonia expresses its discontent with the position of Russian Federation on the Libyan crisis. Tactless statements by senior Russian officials, such as the one in which Prime Minister Putin compares the operation of coalition forces with crusades, do not contribute to promoting dialogue between NATO and Russia. It is important to intensify dialogue with Russia in order to bring our positions closer and to reduce objections to military operation to minimum.

Estonia stands determined to help Libyan people to build safe country, stable institutions and a democratic and peaceful society that will be open to all.

France

The issue of the Libyan conflict is the subject of great interest of the French Republic. Our country as a founding member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and as a permanent member of United Nations Security Council is willing to take a bigger part in resolving this conflict if necessary.

Our government believes that the fundamental civil and human rights of Libyan people, including the most important one the right to life, have been heavily endangered. The French Republic expresses its deep concerns over the brutal attack of the military regime of Muammar Al Gaddafi against the Libyan civilians. To date, more than 200 civilians have been killed and that number is growing every day due to the careless actions of Muammar Al Gaddafi war machine. Muammar Al Gaddafi’s regime has lost all its legitimacy by attacking its own people. Therefore, we call other NATO member states to recognise Transitional National Council as the only legitimite form of government in Libya.

Gaddafi’s regime has breached recently adopted United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 with very clear conditions for ensuring non-flying zone over Libya and protection of civilians and it has also breached the proclaimed cease-fire.

It is not enough to proclaim that Gaddafi must go or to stay just on legal and financial sanctions. We must give ourselves the means to effectivly assist those who took up arms against the dictatorship. On the ground threat has not changed, which is why we must act fast. Only the threat of using force can stop Gadafi’s regime. Therefore, the member states of NATO should not hesitate, but must be determined to take necessary actions to establish peace and to protect the Libyan people from the bloody terror of an oppressive and violent regime. Under these actions, possible naval blockade and ground intervention should be taken into consideration. NATO has taken leadership from the United States in patrolling the skies over Libya and must continue to neutralize and to destroy Gaddafi’s military capacities.

The member states of the NATO represent a bastion of democracy in today’s world. Now is the time to show again our full commitment for democratic institution developing process in other countries. It is more necessary than ever to seek for a political solution, to create basic conditions for constitutional reforms and organization of free and fair ellections. People of Libya have right to decide freely its own future and to build a modern country that respects civil rights. Our country strongly believes that the Organization with its actions would enable continuing of violently interrupted process of democratization in Libya and in whole North Africa, as well.

By returning in to the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers of NATO, the French Republic has shown readiness and willingness to take responsibility for further actions of Alliance. Our government believes that the other members of the Organization bare also the great responsibility for taking further military actions and for ending this conflict in Libya, as well. Therefore, we, the member states of the Organization of the North Atlantic Pact, must take decisive and effective measures that will stop further suffering of Libyan people and that will ensure peace and democracy in Libya. We also insist on more active role of our friends and allies from the United States of America and we call for NATO member states from Europe, to support actions for ensuring peace, stability and process of democratization in Libya and to show active European voice in international affairs. The French Republic also likes to emphasize support of other Arab countries for our sanctions and we would also like to call African Union to do so, as well.

These are the basic perquisites for establishing peace, stability and democracy. Let us be united again today, as we were six months ago in Lisbon. Only united we can achieve these goals.

Germany

Germany’s foreign minister has declared the country remains strongly opposed to air strikes against Muammar Gaddafi’s forces or any other military intervention in Libya.

Speaking to the Guardian, we warned the results of western military intervention were “unpredictable” and could have consequences for freedom movements in the Arab world.

We know that we must do something, but military intervention is to take part in a civil war that could go on for a long time.

Germany has a strong friendship with our European partners, but we won’t take part in any military operation and I will not send German troops to Libya.

German minister said other options could be used against Libya including “targeted sanctions, political pressure and international isolation”.

Considering alternatives to military engagement is not the same as doing nothing and we declined to say how we would vote this evening at the UN security council.

German’s comments reveal the gaping divisions within the European Union on how to deal with the fast-moving situation in Benghazi and the relentless advance of pro-government forces. Britain, France and the US are pushing for a no-fly zone to protect civilians but the Germans remain deeply sceptical.

The military solution seems so simple but is not so simple. It’s risky and dangerous!

We are concerned about the effects on freedom movements in north Africa and the Arab world. We admired the jasmine revolution in Tunisia, but we want these freedom movements to be strengthened.

Greece

As the representatives of the Hellenic Republic we would like to provide you with the opinion of our government regarding military intervention, democratisation process and observance of human rights during the operation in Libya. We respect the UN Security Council Resolutions 1970 and 1973 and ready to act in accordance therewith and the main principles and acts of international law, including jus cogens principles and the UN Charter. In high hopes of the early end of the conflict, we do appeal to the Government of Libya to cease the fire and terminate the violence against civilians.

We also believe that every single victim of the conflict should enjoy the right to be provided with the humanitarian aid. At the same time, we, acting on behalf of the friendly people of the Hellenic Republic, are willing to organise and supply any quantity of the humanitarian aid, which may be required.

To start with, we would like to state that under no circumstances will the Hellenic Republic stay neutral during the international intervention in Libya. As friends of the people of Libya, we are ready to contribute to the development of democracy, peace and stability. Furthermore, we are convinced that Greece’s involvement in the military intervention to Libya will serve our national interests. Since we are committed to the principles of democracy and respect of human rights, we believe we should appreciate our important geostrategic role and protect civilians in Libya from the regime of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi.

The Government of the Hellenic Republic are truly concerned about the status of a big number of refugees from Libya and we are absolutely sure that they should be treated in accordance with the main acts of international law, which regulate the legal status of refugees, including the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees.

We will be present with the force of our principles, with respect for our obligations and with the need for the region’s democratic rebirth. Thus, we have provided our NATO allies with facilities at Souda Bay on Crete, and at Araxos and Andravida in the Peloponnese. These are a military base and airports respectively.

Moreover, in order to contribute to the operation Unified Protector, we have involved one frigate Limnos, one Embraer 145 AEW&C radar aircraft, two Super Puma search-and-rescue helicopters and four f-16 fighter jets. We do believe that our effort will play a key role in the military operation in Libya.

At the same time, we state that the Hellenic Republic will not participate in any operation, which is not under the umbrella of the NATO.

Finally, we would like to state that as a country, we have an interest in contributing to the strengthening of our international credibility without appearing to have double standards. We truly believe that the military operation will bring only peace and stability to the whole region and we are ready to provide any necessary assistance to our allies.

Hungary

In the course of the Euro-Atlantic integration process that has been taking place since the regime change, Hungary has become a member of organisations of integration, in which the stability of the member countries is based on common values, democracy and the rule of law, as well as on respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, with member states willing and able to help each other in order to protect the latter. Hungary’s security situation is stable; the basic guarantee of its security is the co-operation taking place in the framework of NATO and EU. Hungary is not threatened by military aggression, and the risk of any other traditional type of threat is also minimal. At the same time, new challenges and threats have emerged that can be addressed effectively only through a governmental stance that co-ordinates our national efforts, and a well-focused development of our capabilities and their flexible application, as well as through wide-ranging international co-operation.

The Republic of Hungary defines security in a comprehensive way: besides the traditional political and defence components, it also contains, inter alia, economic and social elements, including human rights and minority rights-related, as well as environmental elements. The Republic of Hungary treats the following traditional, closely interlinked and interdependent values as fundamental values: peace, security, stability, sovereignty, democracy, the rule of law, freedom of enterprise and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. The Republic of Hungary provides for the security, prosperity and advancement of its citizens, as well as for the preservation of the cultural heritage and identity of the Hungarian people.

We deply believe that Lybia will soon seek meeting with officials of NATO, and the details of the flow of this meeting we will be able to discussed during the Preparatory meeting. We give a proposal to send humanitarian convoys to the civilians, also we reitrate our strong support for stopping bombing from the air, and see necessity to insert ground troops to preserve peace, protect the rights of civilians, and to allow people to choose their democratic destiny.

Once more we will call for end to a violence and encourage greater dialogue and cooperation as well as immediate approval for increase in the number of UN Mission Monitoring Officers in the cites in Libya which insurgents controlling, to make one non military zone between this two areas and try to close arms flows for the both sides -just because this violates Resolution 1973. We also reiterate our call for joint ground troops monitoring of Libya, if this air mission has not show success, the recent episodes of violence only underscore the need for a more robust NATO presence in this region.

Republic of Hungary in the future, see Libya as a success, open for cooperation, and democratic country ruled by law, with rich natural resources, thriving economy, and perhaps as an ally in the future.

Iceland

Iceland has been a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization since its foundation in 1949. The membership of the Alliance and the Defense Agreement with the United States of America has been the two main pillars of Iceland’s security policy. While having no standing army, Iceland contributes to NATO operations with both financial contributions and civil personnel. Iceland has expressed its support for increased responsibility of the European states in the security and defense cooperation, however at the same time emphasized the necessity of preserving the unity of the member states of NATO. Membership of NATO and the 1951 Bilateral Defense Agreement between Iceland and the U.S. remain of utmost importance to Iceland’s security and defense. Nordic cooperation in security and defense has an increased profile and Iceland participates in the Nordic defense cooperation (NORDEFCO) with its full capacity. As a member of the Nordic council we strongly cooperate to safeguard our common interests. Therefore, we want to act in cooperation with our basic council, and it must be in coalition with our collective defense organization – NATO.

Iceland emphasizes the importance of disarmament, international security, nuclear disarmament and dialogue for peace. Iceland’s main objective in disarmament is the eradication of weapons of mass destruction and inhumane conventional weapons, as well as to minimize the threat of conventional weapons by restricting quantity, types and proliferation, without challenging legitimate concerns for the security of states.

Iceland’s contribution to peace building and peace-keeping is based on emphasis on peaceful resolution of conflict, support to civil institutions, gender equality and humanitarian assistance. Therefore, our experts work in Afghanistan, the Middle East, the Balkans and Africa.

Iceland will respect the collective will of all 28 member countries. Regarding NATO action in Libya, Iceland will respect all decisions brought by NATO if they are in accordance with the decisions of Nordic Council as well. The official stance of Iceland is that all NATO operations will be supported in accordance with the decisions made by the member-states.

Italy

The government of Italy is a strong supporter of international activities in order tostrengthen the world’s security system. Being one of the funding members of the United Nations we always did and will keep on supporting resolutions, declared in agreement within the Security Council.

Our country strongly believes in the function of the Security Council being responsible for maintaining international peace and supports its intervention in Libya.

The UNSCR 1970 gave the mandate to the international community “to take all necessary measures“. So far the measures taken by the NATO had a positive impact, but thesituation remains critical and Gaddafi’s regime has huge threat to peace and security.

We are deeply concerned about the daily number of civilians dying especially in the volatile centre and the exposure to violence and persecution. In addition we consider the economy, mainly based upon gas trade which encourages criminality and funds insurgency,as a very critical point of attention.

We have to ensure that brutal governance, international isolation, a paralysed economy and the denial of basic human rights to the Libyan people had to stop. In the fightagainst regime we therefore would like to encourage all countries to criminalise assistance for Gaddafi’s family and his close friends.

Italy welcomes every international effort and appeals to all Member States and the whole international community to unite even more and strengthen the efforts to reach consensus.

We must not allow Libya to become another Afghanistan just next door to us,declared Italy’s interior minister, Roberto Maroni, at the end of a European ministerialmeeting in Brussels on February 25th.

We have already suspended a 2008 “friendship treaty” that prohibited our bases from being used in any military action against Libya, which would allow it to take part in decisions by the international community.

Italy formally recognized the rebel government of eastern Libya. Also, we will insist that other member states do the same.

It is crucial for the new government that politicians of all communities/tribes work together to form an effective and representative government with a number of political parties, which will be able to work quickly and effective in resolving its current struggles.

We are fully aware of the fact that there is still a long way to go for Libya – for its government, its infrastructure, its economy but mainly its civil population. Preservation of the Gaddafi’s regime would be a disaster – for the Libyan people but also for the international community.

Therefore it is important to focus on the process of transferring the power to newgovernment and to support them to gain full control over the territory of Libya. However,before handing over responsibility a lot more has to be achieved.

We will continue our work and give humanitarian assistance to the civil population through our consulate in Benghazi.

The Italian government reaffirms its current policy and is determined to further beinvolved and help the Libyans to build a stable democratic government and a peaceful society based upon human rights.

Italy is specially concerned by the issue due to historical reasons and we are ready to give its active contribution to greater definition and consequent activation of any decisions now being studied by the United Nations, the European Union and the Atlantic Alliance.

Latvia

The Libyan people have shown the strong wish of the people for change of their country. The demonstrations have been met by indiscriminate armed attacks on civilians, extrajudicial killings and detentions. Hundreds of civilians have been killed. Latvia condemns the disproportionate use of force against the people and regrets their deaths. We strongly deplore the Libyan government’s brutal treatment of civilians and the great number of deaths and casualties. Such actions by the Libyan authorities are unacceptable.

Freedom of assembly and freedom of expression are fundamental human rights. We call on the Libyan authorities to stop repressions, release immediately the detainees and to respect the will of the people. The country can resume progress only through open and meaningful dialogue with all segments of the Libyan society. We also call on the authorities to ensure the safety of all foreign nationals that are currently in Libya.

On 25 February in Geneva, at the United Nations Human Rights Council’s 15th Special Session on the situation of human rights in Libya, Ambassador Jānis Mažeiks pronounced an address condemning the Libyan government’s brutal treatment of peaceful demonstrators and expressed support to UN engagement in the investigation of violence. The Latvian Ambassador called on the Government of Libya to cooperate fully with the Human Rights Council and its special procedures.

Foreign Minister of Latvia Ģirts Valdis Kristovskis has condemned violence in Libya by emphasizing: “Latvia condemns the disproportionate use of force against the people and regrets their deaths. We strongly deplore the Libyan government’s brutal treatment of civilians and the great number of deaths and casualties,” the Foreign Minister noted.

Our government believes that decision by NATO on taking charge of enforcing a no-fly zone over Libya is a concrete contribution by all NATO members to the implementation of United Nations Security Council’s Resolution 1973.

In a situation that is developed in Libya it is unacceptable for the international community to remain in an observer’s role. The people of Libya, however, should themselves decide their future, and therefore conditions should be put in place for them to do so freely.

Latvia believes that NATO’s engagement in the enforcement of an arms embargo and a no-fly zone consolidates a joint response from the international community, the aim of which is to protect Libya’s civilians from the brutal actions by the Gaddafi regime, and raises hope that a sustainable solution will be achieved.

Lithuania

Republic of Lithuania is well known for the attitudes that contributed to the peaceful development of the crisis. Our government condemns derogation of human rights in Libya and expresses great concern for civilians. Also, we strongly support the NATO framework to react on severe humanitarian situation in Libya.

We share concernment for civilian population in Libya and thus we are ready to support humanitarian efforts by providing three Boeing C-17 Globemaster III plane. Nevertheless, our forces will only take part in the action under clear rules of engagement, and only in purpose to help Libyan people.

But, We must be firm and persistent in our opinion against contributing to arming the rebels. Providing arms to support the uprising in Libya would violate the United Nations resolution authorizing limited action against Muammar Gaddafi. Republic of Lithuania is dedicated to promotion and respect of international law norms and will not support such action. Such action would in the future represent a dangerous precedent that would damage the entire system of international law that we have built for years.

Luxembourg

Grand Duchy Of Luxembourg is deeply concern about current situation in Libya. Our government strongly support efforts of international community to calm down situation on a field. Nevertheless, we believe measures has to be taken as soon as possible in order to prevent new civil victims.

There is a number of countries such as Luxembourg which have no opportunity to address the situation in Libya to participate other than through NATO. We support NATO engage in promotion of the arms embargo against Libya. Also we deeply share views with European partners in backing up the UN Resolution 1973 to impose a no-fly zone on Libya. Our Prime Minister Jean- Claude Juncker already called for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to take over “the great part of the command structure” of the coalition operation to impose a no-fly zone over since we strongly believe that only NATO, not separate prate involvement of certain states can secure end of the conflict.

On the begging of war, Luxembourg has frozen accounts belonging to Libya’s central bank and its sovereign wealth fund. The two blocked accounts held less than one billion euros. Luxembourg position is that international community can not ignore the purely human element and we can not let ourselves be blackmailed by such a regime leaded by Muammar Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi. Snipers have been sent in to shoot people who were attending a funeral or expressing their free opinion that they want more voice in the running of the country. We can not cooperate with a regime that shoots its own people. Grand Duchy of Luxembourg agrees that NATO has to find the formula to balance military needs and political sensitivities in operation.

Netherlands

Netherlands has always acted as a responsible member of the international community, and as such has always made its contribution to the implementation of principles of International law. Despite the regret we feel towards the civilians in Libya, we believe that the situation in Libya needs to be solved as soon as possible in order to provide the respect of basic principles of international community. The regime in Libya is using army against its own citizens. Therefore immediate reaction of international community is highly necessary.

UN Security Council agreed on Resolution 1973, which was based on Chapter VII of the UN Charter and this means we are dealing with a solid, appropriate, international and legal mandate under the UN resolution. The Resolution calls on Member States to take all necessary measures to protect the civilian population and areas in Libya, including in Benghazi and Eastern Libya. These operations will be performed by NATO. As a NATO Member State, Netherlands will give its contribution to this action, in order to help providing the international peace and protection of civilian rights.

Netherlands is ready to provide NATO with its military assistance, but only in order to achieve the ultimate goal of the operation, and that is that the people of Libya can live in peace and stability.

Norway

Kingdom of Norway is dedicated to contribute to peace and stability through coordinated response among governmental organizations as well as acting as an honest broker in international conflicts. Our government condemns derogation of human rights in Libya and expresses great concern for civilians. Having in mind that Kingdom of Norway has been an active participant in the NATO since its foundation and one of initial member nations, we strongly support the NATO framework to react on severe humanitarian situation in Libya.

We share concernment for civilian population in Libya and thus we are ready to support humanitarian efforts by providing six F-16 jets and a Hercules transport plane. Nevertheless, we will only take part in the action under clear rules of engagement.

However, we are strongly against contributing to arming the rebels. Providing arms to support the uprising in Libya would violate the United Nations resolution authorizing limited action against Muammar Gaddafi. Kingdom of Norway is dedicated to promotion and respect of international law norms and will not support such action.

Poland

When it comes to the military conflict in Libya and eventual intervention, the Polish position will be clear and cautious and we will respond calmly.

There are no Polish or NATO security interests at stake. We understand engagement and emotions driving some European leaders to quick and rapid moves, but we don’t share this feeling.

Polish state has no intention of intervening militarily in Libya. The country would limit its involvement to providing humanitarian aid when the situation on the ground allows it. We are ready to help with our transport plans. We can deploy some of our forces and our resources for humanitarian aid.

Poland, as a NATO member state, is, however, prepared to take partial responsibility for the organization’s decision to take command of the no-fly zone in Libya. As regards the military no-fly zone (in Libya), we do not envisage taking part in its implementation with our armed forces.

We want to make it loud and clear that Polish soldiers will take part in actions that safeguard the interests of Poland and NATO’s security only when they are in immediate danger.

The decision made by NATO on taking command over operations in Libya means that political responsibility will be borne by all member-states including Poland. It does not mean a direct involvement in a military operation.

Poland is also refusing to recognize the legitimacy of the Benghazi-based rebels who are fighting to overthrow Libyan President Muammar Gaddafi and his regime.

Poland is not interested in making a military contribution. Government’s decision to keep out of Libya reflected Polish public opinion.

A March 25 survey by Homo Homini found that 82 percent of polled Poles thought that their country should not get involved in military action in Libya.

Poland’s reluctance to intervene in the North African country was the result of lessons learned in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Today we know that in Iraq there were no chemical weapons, and this belief was the basis of decisions at the time. Our stay in Afghanistan was to be short-lived, and turned out to last many years. The scale of involvement should be the result of a sober assessment of the situation.

Portugal

The principles of equal sovereignty of states and non-interference, as laid down in the Charter of the United Nations, have always been cornerstones of Portuguese foreign policy. Portugal is highly engaged in the promotion of democracy and human rights all over the world, as laid down in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948. As one of the founding members of NATO, Portugal has been supportive of all actions that dealt with keeping international peace and security. We always supported all international activities, initiatives and strategies for keeping peace and security in order to protect human rights.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights sets common standards for all people and all nations. The foundation of our world stands on freedom, justice and world peace. It is world in which human beings enjoy freedom of speech and have the right to rebel against tyranny and oppression. The Libyan population wants the same rights and freedoms that people across North Africa already demanded, the rights that are values of Untied Nations Charter

Recent development of the situation in Libya, especially high level of repression and breaking of human rights, strengthened the international reaction.  The civil war has plunged the country into a profound political, economic and humanitarian crisis.

Our Government fully supports the humanitarian intervention leaded by NATO in order to protect people of Libya in their struggle for democracy and political freedom. But, one of the priorities is an immediate cease-fire between the rebels and Gaddafi’s supporters, followed by the opening of a political dialogue and the establishment of a democratic government.

Portugal shares the opinion of other members of the UN that Muammar Gaddafi must withdraw and provide terms for democratic elections. We are dedicated to the idea that all crimes committed against humanity must be punished, therefore our government support decision of International Criminal Court to start a formal investigation into possible crimes against humanity in Libya.

Portugal also shares high concern about possible recent incursions of Islamic militants into the territory of Libya followed by statements of some rebel’s officials that among their ranks are Islamic militants, otherwise known as al qaeda fighters.

Nevertheless, despite our good willing to help resolving the situation in Libya, our capabilities are limited by economic crisis, so Portugal will not be able to give a significant contribution in sending troops to Libya, if it would be necessary, but we are ready to make available our military bases so the following intervention could be as effective as possible.

In conclusion, it is in the interests of the international community that a broad-based and representative government comes to power in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya that would fully ensure internal security and stability and the management of the processes of reconstruction and development of all spheres of life, as well as the implementation of a foreign policy within the framework of a civilized dialogue with all countries on the basis of the established international norms.

Portugal reaffirms its policy on Libya and stands determined to further help the Libyan people to build a safe country, and a democratic and peaceful society that shall be open to all.

Romania

Romanian government states its serious concern about continuing violence, destruction of property and human life in Libya.

We deplore the continuing violence and atrocities in Libya perpetrated by the regime against its own people, which have resulted in a very serious humanitarian situation, particularly in cities under siege.

We condemn all use of force against civilians and civilian targets and we call the Libyan government to end the use of force and enable humanitarian aid to be distributed to everyone that need it.

We support the UN Security Council Resolutions 1970 and 1973 and are prepared to contribute in their implementation within our capabilities and our international obligations.

We also support the role of North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Arab League and African Union in implementation of aforementioned UNSC Resolutions.

Romanian government is aware of its responsibilities and obligations towards respecting human life, safeguarding international peace and the need for democratization being a constructive and active member of UN, NATO and EU. Romania has shown its commitment toward these goals by actively participating in all relevant CSDP and NATO led mission such as those in Iraq, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Georgia, and EUNAVFOR in Somalia.

We have actively supported the role of NATO in implementing UNSC Resolution 1973 and we regard that this mission and the goals set by that resolution can be efficiently and effectively achieved only through NATO led mission. There is a pressing need for active coordination, multilateral approach and creation of reasonable and achievable goals that can only be achieved through tested and successful institutional mechanisms that NATO already have. It is also a necessity to actively involve the Africa Union, the Arab League and other relevant regional actors in crisis solution and peace implementation processes.

We also are very much aware of the need for EU to be an active stakeholder in solving the problems that were created by violence escalation in Libya, especially since it is all happening in its own neighborhood, in producing humanitarian aid for the Libyan people and taking care of refugees that represent significant problem, not only to its Mediterranean member states, but to the Union as a whole. The view of Romanian government is that EU role must stay within humanitarian framework.

Romania is ready to give its own contribution to NATO led mission for implementing UNSCR 1973 within its own military and financial capabilities, especially in implementing arms embargo by engagement of naval resources.

Romania is on the position that violence must be stopped as soon as possible, that armed conflict is not an positive way to resolve matters in Libya but diplomatic solutions must be found to ensure the implementation of UNSCR 1970 and 1973 as well as all international standard for protection of human life and human rights.

Romanian government stands on the position that any attempt for crisis solution must be based on International law, full respect of the UNSCR 1973 and respect of territorial integrity and national sovereignty of Libya.

Slovakia

The Slovakia Republic strongly supports NATO effort to contribute to the stability of Middle East, in this case in the Libya state, by military actions, if all member states see such action as a necessary one. Our government announced clear support for military intervention on the March 10th stating that it was one of the hardest political decisions during this mandate.

However, we strongly believe that military intervention should come only if there is a Libyan violation of the non-fly zone. This action will be only an effort to protect Libyan civilians, since The Slovak Republic was always committed to non- violence solutions, so therefore we encourage greater dialogue and cooperation between the conflicted parties. We are glad that we have reached conclusions dominated by the conviction that the EU should focus its activities on humanitarian aid in the widest sense of the word, so if there is a need for military intervention on the part of the EU, it should happen under the NATO umbrella.

The Slovak Republic will not take an active role in the military intervention in Libya even as it actively supports the weapons embargo to Libya and provides humanitarian assistance to Libyan civilians. Member states contribute according to their possibilities and obligations which they declare within the ‘Force Goals’, so Slovakia’s contribution would depend on the conclusions of the planning process and other circumstances. We will support all the steps towards restoring peace and towards creating a free society in Libya, and by the support we mean not vetoing decisions made by NATO and potentially opening Slovakia’s skies for NATO operations. Slovakia has contributed to past and current NATO military operations primarily with engineering units, demining experts and personnel for infrastructure construction, so all the member states can expect same type of contribution in this case.

We strongly believe in temperate approach because every dropped bomb and every fired missile is a risky issue, as well in value-based politics, which is more effective than an unboundedly utilitarian and mercantile approach.

Slovenia

The Republic of Slovenia firmly condemns the violence used againt civilians in Libya. It is the belief of Republic of Slovenia that the violation of human rights needs to stop immediately and expresses it’s concern about the loss of human life and excessive use of force demonstrated by forces loyal to Colonel Gadafi. Slovenia as a member state of NATO will encourage actions that will lead to stabilization of the region and promotion of peace and cooperation.

The government of Slovenia endorses the resolution 1973 which was approved by the Security Council in all it’s key points. Slovenia is in general against arming the rebels however and will work diligently to promote a peaceful solution that will bring satisfaction to both sides, and above all protection of innocent civilians on both sides.

Republic of Slovenia will promote understanding and non-aggressive approach towards resolution of this conflict. However, it will support the action of it’s NATO allies, and will help in every way possible to ensure that humanitarian law and international law in general is respected and that safety of civilians is not endangered by anyone.

Spain

In the spirit of UN Charter, Kingdom of Spain pledge for peaceful solving of conflicts in negotiating process. Spain has several concerns about armed conflict in Libyan Arab Jamahiriya and we will take this opportunity to present them. First of all, we are concerned due to uprising number of victims and refuges. According to information we posses more than 250 000 refuges left Libya. Secondly, we are concerned about the war crimes committed in Libya, so many civilian casualties and violation of human rights and freedoms.

The efforts of Spain are submitted to a permanent cease-fire between rebel forces and Libyan military, which should represent a legitimate armed force of Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. We appeal on parties involved in this conflict to stop military operations immediately and start with negotiating process. Again consistent with the objectives proclaimed in the Charter of the UN we propose establishing Commission for truth and conciliation after the example of South African Republic . The main objective of this commission would be to investigate and punish crimes committed on both sides and to help re-establishing of a national consensus through dialogue, all aimed at preserving the territorial integrity and prosperity of Libya in peace.

Kingdom of Spain supports the arms embargo and sending a frigate with a mandate to implement that decision. In order to gain monitoring arms embargo against Libya, Spain sent a frigate F-100, S-74 submarine and maritime surveillance aircraft for the CN-235.

Kingdom of Spain is very concern over for Al-Qaeda’s support for the National Council in Benghazi and active relations between Al – Qaeda Maghreb and Abdel-Hakim al-Hasidi, member of National Council. We will remind that Al Qaeda took responsibility for terrorist attack in Madrid in 2004.

Turkey

The issues before the General Assembly of NATO Plenary are: military intervention, democratization process and respecting human rights during the same intervention in Libya

Turkey has never been indifferent to any problem in her region and in the world and has never thought that wait-and-see approach would be good for the situation in Libya.

Turkey has from the beginning advocated that the reaction and the position to be adopted against the attacks targeting the civilian population in Libya should be based on international legitimacy and implemented through regional support and participation, that the main objective should be to prevent the violence against the civilian population and the cessation of civilian casualties.

Turkey has reacted from the outset in the most sensitive way and has viewed the situation through a humanitarian perspective as well as within the context of bonds of brotherhood. Turkey takes into consideration the safety and well-being of the brotherly Libyan people with whom we will remain friends eternally.

Therefore, Turkey is playing a humanitarian support roll – one of the Turkish ferries collected injured people from Misurata and is also distributing bread to those in need in Easter Libya. Turkish prime minister proposed a road map for peace – to end the war in Libya which would include a ceasefire and the withdrawal of Muammar Gaddafi’s forces from some cities.

Being led by our principles and values, Turkey concentrated its efforts and attention on upholding human rights and justice, rather than aiming for self-interest. For us, a drop of a Libyan blood is more valuable than billion Dollars-worth of oil wells. We believe that the rights and lives of Libyans are above every possible interest. Recalling that Turkey has been in close contact with the Libyan administration, the National Council in Benghazi and international parties to have the transformation in Libya finalized peacefully, we said that Turkey has called on everybody to act responsibly on the issue of providing the necessary infrastructure so that Libya would come out of this process stronger. On the day 15th of March 2011, when the UN Security Council adopted a resolution imposing a no-fly zone over Libya and measures to protect civilians from leader Gaddafi’s forces, Turkey hosted representatives of the National Council, while holding intense negotiations with both of the parties in Libya. We would respect some of NATO resolution such as resolution for non-flying zone and guarding nearby sea close to Libya. Our focus is at the well-being and welfare of Libyan people. That is why Turkey wants NATO operations to be conducted efficiently, if we cannot stop them, so Libya can go through a comprehensive democratic change and transformation process that takes Libya to being a constitutional democracy.

At the end, the goal is providing humanitarian assistance; preventing heavier conflicts inside the country via an arms embargo; and preventing conflicts via the imposition of a no-fly zone – but not to start a comprehensive war. We took pains so that there wouldn’t be signs of an operation directed at Libya which would be comprehensive and long-term, similar to those in Iraq and Afghanistan, and we made suggestions to every party.

United Kingdom

United States

The Americans and people around the world watched with growing concern as Libyan civilians were gunned down by a government that has lost all legitimacy. The people of Libya appealed for help. The Arab League and the Gulf Cooperation Council called for action.

The international community came together to speak with one voice and to deliver a clear and consistent message: Colonel Qadhafi’s campaign of violence against his own people must stop. The strong votes in the United Nations Security Council underscored this unity. And now the Qadhafi forces face unambiguous terms: a ceasefire must be implemented immediately – that means all attacks against civilians must stop; troops must stop the campaign of violence against their own citizens; water, electricity, and gas supplies must be turned on to all areas; humanitarian assistance must be allowed to reach the people of Libya.

Colonel Qadhafi continues to defy the world. His attacks on civilians go on. We have every reason to fear that, left unchecked, Qadhafi will commit unspeakable atrocities.

It is against that backdrop that nations from across the region and the world met today here to discuss the ways we can, working together, fully and decisively act under Resolution 1973. We all recognize that further delay will only put more civilians at risk. The position of the United States is very clear: We will continue supporting an international coalition as it takes all necessary measures to enforce the terms of Resolution 1973.

As you may know, we have made significant progress. A massacre in Benghazi was prevented, Qadhafi’s air force and air defenses have been rendered largely ineffective, and the coalition is in control of the skies above Libya. Humanitarian relief is beginning to reach the people who need it. For example, we learned that at least 18 doctors and nurses from an organization funded by the United States Agency for International Development had arrived in Benghazi and were beginning to provide support to the city’s main hospital.

Qadhafi’s troops have been pushed back, but they remain a serious threat to the safety of the people. From the start, President Obama has stressed that the role of the U.S. military would be limited in time and scope. Our mission has been to use America’s unique capabilities to create the conditions for the no-fly zone and to assist in meeting urgent humanitarian needs. And as expected, we are already seeing a significant reduction in the number of U.S. planes involved in operations as the number of planes from other countries increase in numbers.

We have also taken the next step. We have agreed, along with our NATO allies, to transition command and control for the no-fly zone over Libya to NATO. All 28 allies have also now authorized military authorities to develop an operations plan for NATO to take on the broader civilian protection mission under Resolution 1973.

NATO is well-suited to coordinating this international effort and ensuring that all participating nations are working effectively together toward our shared goals. This coalition includes countries beyond NATO, including Arab partners, and we expect all of them to be providing important political guidance going forward.

We have always said that Arab leadership and participation is crucial. The Arab League showed that leadership with its pivotal statement on Libya. They joined the discussions in Paris on implementation, and we are deeply appreciative of their continuing contributions, including aircrafts and pilots from Qatar. The United Arab Emirates announced they are joining the coalition and sending planes to help protect Libyan civilians and enforce the no-fly zone. We welcome this important step. It underscores both the breadth of this international coalition and the depth of concern in the region for the plight of the Libyan people.

In the days ahead, the welfare of those civilians will be of paramount concern. This operation has already saved many lives, but the danger is far from over. As long as the Qadhafi regime threatens its people and defies the United Nations, we must remain vigilant and focused. Our military will continue to provide support to our efforts to make sure that Security Council Resolutions 1970 and 1973 will be enforced.

Now, this is a fluid and fast-moving situation, which may be the understatement of the time. So let us just underscore the key point: This is a broad international effort; the world will not sit idly by while more innocent civilians are killed. The United States will fully support our allies and partners as they are enforcing adequate actions under the Resolution 1973. We are standing with the people of Libya and we will not waver in our efforts to protect them.

This is an important effort that has garnered the support and the active participation of nations who recognize the significance of coming together in the international community, through the United Nations, to set forth a clear statement of action to be taken in order to protect innocent civilians from their own government. It is an effort that we believe is very important, and we will look forward to coordinating closely with all those nations that are participating.

This project is generously supported by:

NATO Public Diplomacy Department (PDD)
NATO Public Diplomacy Department (PDD)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic.